Colonoscopy
A colonoscopy can help detect cancer early, when treatment works best. Regular screenings, before symptoms appear, are key in preventing the disease. Beginning at age 45*, it is recommended that both men and women have a colonoscopy once every 10 years.
NOTE: A physician order may be required. Contact your provider with questions.
According to the American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons, early detection and removal of polyps before they can become cancerous can prevent up to 90% of colorectal cancer cases.
Risk Factors
Men and women 45 years of age or older are at average risk for developing colon cancer. Your risk increases if you have a personal or family history of:
- Benign colorectal polyps
- Colorectal cancer
- Ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease
- Uterine, ovarian or breast cancer
To help stop colon and rectal cancer:
- Learn your family health history.
- Know your risk factors.
- Get regular screenings.
- Adopt a healthy lifestyle with appropriate diet and exercise.
- Don't smoke.
Regular Screening
There are often no symptoms with colorectal cancer until quite late. Regular screenings, before any symptoms appear, are key in preventing the disease.
A colonoscopy is recommended for men and women beginning at age 45, and every 10 years afterward. Another test that can be easily done is an annual fecal occult blood test, combined with a flexible sigmoidoscopy, every five years. If you are at increased risk, consult your family doctor regarding testing.
Healthy Lifestyle
Besides regular screening tests, a healthy lifestyle is the most important factor to help reduce your risk of colon and rectal cancer.
Maintain your ideal weight
Obesity is a major risk factor for many diseases, including colon cancer. If you are overweight, incorporate changes into your diet gradually for greater long-term success. The following are recommended:
- Eat at least five servings of a variety of fruits and vegetables daily.
- Limit consumption of red meats. Use beans as a low-fat alternative to meat.
- Eat whole grain, high-fiber foods.
- Rely on whole foods instead of supplements for your vitamins and minerals.
- Limit portion sizes and reduce fats.
Commit to an active lifestyle
Regular physical activity also can help reduce your risk for many diseases, including colorectal cancer. Adults should aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate activity most days of the week.
Men over 50 and women over 40 should consult their physician before increasing their activity level.
Don't smoke
If you currently smoke, a smoking cessation program may provide the help you need to put you on the road to living a healthier lifestyle.
If you have any of the following symptoms, see your doctor immediately.
- Bleeding from the rectum
- Blood in or on the stool
- Change in bowel pattern
- Stool that is narrower than usual
- Diarrhea, constipation or both
- Bloating, fullness or general stomach discomfort
- Frequent gas pain
- Constant tiredness
- Weight loss for no apparent reason
- Vomiting
*Cancer.org – The American Cancer Society recommends people at average risk of colorectal cancer begin screening at age 45. Talk with your doctor about your own health and your family history so that you can choose the best screening plan for you. Check with your insurance provider to confirm coverage for a screening colonoscopy.
For more information on the American Cancer Society's Guidelines for colorectal cancer screening, click here.